These pictures were made from Lunar Prospector data released September 3, 1998. The magenta and purple regions indicate the presence of hydrogen, which is assumed to be indicative of water.
NASA

Lunar Prospector Makes Exciting Findings
News story originally written on September 4, 1998

The Lunar Prospector spacecraft reached the Moon in January 1998. Data sent back recently from the Prospector is changing what scientists know about the Moon.

One exciting thing is that the Moon may have up to six billion metric tons of water ice at the poles. This is ten times as much as was first predicted from original data. Scientists haven't found the water ice directly, of course. They have found considerable traces of hydrogen at the poles of the Moon. Generally in our solar system, hydrogen found in soil indicates the presence of water. And the presence of water on the Moon would make human colonization all the easier!

Data that has just been released from Prospector also shows that the Moon likely has a small, iron-rich core approximately 186 miles in diameter. This core is probably producing the weak magnetic field that the Prospector has been measuring.

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