1. Which size defines a white dwarf?
(A) the size of our solar system (B) the size of Earth
(C) smaller than a small town (D) the size of a small town
2. What color is the star Betelgeuse?
(A) red (B) orange (C) yellow (D) blue-white
3. What tells you how hot a star is? It is:
(A) temperature (B) size (C) color (D) density
4. Why is the sun called a black body?
(A) it is black (B) it absorbs all the radiation that hits it (C) it radiates all the energy that hits it (D) it reaches a constant temperature
5. More about black bodies...the y-axis of this graph is:
(A) intensity (B) wave-length (C) color (D) visible
6. The coolest black body produces mostly ____ light.
(A) blue (B) green
(C) yellow (D) red
7. What can we learn by sorting stars into groups? Well, in the HR diagram: the reddest stars appear:
(A) at the top (B) at the bottom (C) on the left (D) on the right
8. Let's look at a real HR Diagram: most stars are plotted on the as:
(A) white dwarfs (B) the main sequence (C) bright giants (D) hyper giants
9. What are the largest known stars?
(A) red hyper giants (B) red super giants
(C) red bright giants (D) red giants
10. Are there more giants stars than small stars? answer=NO! What percent of all stars are smaller than 8 tenths of a solar mass?
(A) 30% (B) 50% (C) 70% (D) 90%
11. It is currently believed that no star can exceed:
(A) 60 solar masses (B) 120 solar masses
(C) 240 solar masses (D) 480 solar masses
12. Explore some stars on your own. Which star has a negative 11 magnitude?
(A) p Cygni (B) u Cephi (C) Capella (D) Sirius B
13. An orange star that is 72 light years from Earth is:
(A) Arcturus (B) Capella
(C) Aldebaran (D) Alpha centauri
14. Where are Stars born? The interstellar dust grain shown was named ____ by researchers.
(A) Mira (B) Eridanus (C) Proxima (D) Florianus
15. Hubble's view of star birth...Protostars that never quite make it are called?
(A) black holes (B) white dwarfs (C) brown dwarfs (D) neutron stars
16. Which camera took these proplyd pictures?
(A) Candid Camera (B) Interstellar Module Camera (C) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (D) Spectroscopic Adjustment Camera
17. What causes stars to change as they age? Who always wins?
(A) internal pressure (B) age (C) gravity (D) the main sequence
18. What happens to stars about the same size as the sun? (questions 18-22). What is the correct sequence?
(A) new star, outer layers blow off, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf
(B) new star, red giant, outer layers blow off, white dwarf, black dwarf
(C) outer layers blow off, new star, white dwarf, red giant, black dwarf
(D) black dwarf, new star, red giant, outer layers blow off, white dwarf
19. What planetary nebula is shown that illustrates Stage 3 development?
(A) Ram's Horn
(B) Cat's Eye (C) Dog's tooth (D) Orion's Sword
20. About how much would you mass (weigh) on a white dwarf?
(A) 200 metric tons
(B) 400 metric tons (C) 600 metric tons (D) 800 metric tons
21. At what temperature do white dwarfs begin to crystallize?
(A) 2,000 K (B) 4,000 K
(C) 6,000 K (D) 8,000 K
22. How many black dwarfs have been discovered to date?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
23. What happens to stars much heavier than the sun? (questions 23-27). What is the correct sequence?
(A) new star, super giant, star explosion, neutron star, black hole.
(B) black hole, neutron star, star explosion, super giant, new star.
(C) star explodes, new star, red giant, neutron star, black hole.
(D) super giant, star explosion, neutron star, black hole, new star
24. High mass stars enter the main sequence as:
(A) red giants (B) blue-white (C) yellow
(D) black holes
25. At what internal temperature does Carbon fuse to produce Neon (Ne), Magnesium (Mg), and Oxygen (O)?
(A) 10,000 K (B) 100,000 K (C) 1,000,000 K (D) 1,000,000,000 K
26. Nuclear fusion stops within a star when the core becomes:
(A) Ra (B) Fe (C) Mg (D) Pb
27. How long of a time interval is it for a 20-Solar Mass star to fuse Silicon/Sulfur to Iron?
(A) 1 million years (B) 100,000 years (C) 20 years (D) one week
28. In the supernova blast what atomic particle attaches itself to the nuclei of light elements?
(A) electrons (B) protons (C) neutrons (D) alpha particles
29. The Super Nova of 1987 could be seen with the naked eye. In what galaxy did it occur?
(A) the Milky Way galaxy (B) the Andromeda galaxy (C) Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy (D) the Orion Nebular galaxy
30. In Remnant N123D, what color designates regions of oxygen-rich gas?
(A) red-blue
(B) pink-purple (C) orange-yellow (D) blue-green
31. The Cygnus loop deals with which of the following atoms?
(A) He, Fe, O (B) O, S, H
(C) S, H, Mg (D) Kr, Ne, He
32. Which of these elements hasn't been observed in stars?
(A) Ar (B) Mo
(C) Xe (D) Si
33. The size of the core of a neutron star is roughly:
(A) diameter = 0 - 10 km
(B) diameter = 10 - 20 km (C) diameter = 20 - 30 km (D) diameter = 30 - 40 km
34. In a neutron star, how can such high densities exist?
(A) the atoms contain mostly empty space
(B) the electrons and the protons have been squeezed together
(C) the surface may be crystalline
(D) densities are a trillion times greater than those in a white dwarf
35. What number of our solar masses is necessary in the central core after a supernova blast to form a black hole?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
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