The image is of a seagull, a member of the animal kingdom.
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The Origin of Life on Earth

How did it all begin? Perhaps the most intriguing question we, as human beings, could ever contemplate is that of our own origin.

At least three classes of hypotheses exist attempting to explain the origin of life on Earth. The first, and oldest of these suggest that life was created by a supreme being or spiritual force. These ideas and explanations have been passed down from generation to generation and vary considerably among different cultures and religions. Because theories about creation can neither be proved nor disproved, they lie outside the realm of science and will not be pursued further in these pages. We leave it to each individual to decide for him- or herself.

The second set of hypotheses suggest that life began elsewhere in the universe and "arrived" on Earth by chance, such as with the crash of a comet or meteor.

The third, and most widely held hypothesis in the scientific community, is that life on Earth arose approximately 3.5 - 4 billion years ago as the result of a very specific sequence of random chemical events. This theory suggests that the early environment of Earth may have provided the appropriate conditions for the spontaneous formation of organic molecules--the building blocks of life. In the early 1950's two biochemists, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, conducted an experiment which demonstrated the spontaneous formation of amino acids from inorganic precursors in the lab. It is assumed that over time, the early organic molecules interacted, eventually leading to the evolution of the first life forms.

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Windows to the Universe, a project of the National Earth Science Teachers Association, is sponsored in part is sponsored in part through grants from federal agencies (NASA and NOAA), and partnerships with affiliated organizations, including the American Geophysical Union, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Earth System Information Partnership, the American Meteorological Society, the National Center for Science Education, and TERC. The American Geophysical Union and the American Geosciences Institute are Windows to the Universe Founding Partners. NESTA welcomes new Institutional Affiliates in support of our ongoing programs, as well as collaborations on new projects. Contact NESTA for more information. NASA ESIP NCSE HHMI AGU AGI AMS NOAA