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    Kansas Legislator Proposes Bill to Outlaw Sustainability Education

    A bill has been introduced in the Kansas legislature this week that would prohibit the promotion of sustainability. Here is a link to the one-page bill: http://www.kslegislature.org/li/b2013_14/measures/documents/hb2366_00_0000.pdf. See report on Bloomberg News.
  • Earth's Center Is 1,000 Degrees Hotter Than Previously Thought, Synchrotron X-Ray Experiment Shows
    Scientists have determined the temperature near the Earth’s center to be 6000 degrees Celsius, 1000 ...Read more

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    Earth's Center Is 1,000 Degrees Hotter Than Previously Thought, Synchrotron X-Ray Experiment Shows

    Scientists have determined the temperature near the Earth’s center to be 6000 degrees Celsius, 1000 degrees hotter than in a previous experiment run 20 years ago. These measurements confirm geophysical models that the temperature difference between the solid core and the mantle above, must be at least 1500 degrees to explain why the Earth has a magnetic field. For more information about this study, see the press release from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
  • Ocean Volcanic Rocks Contain Samples of Recycled Crust
    Scientists have long believed that lava erupted from certain oceanic volcanoes contains materials fr...Read more

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    Ocean Volcanic Rocks Contain Samples of Recycled Crust

    Scientists have long believed that lava erupted from certain oceanic volcanoes contains materials from the early Earth’s crust. But decisive evidence for this phenomenon has proven elusive. New research from a team including Carnegie’s Erik Hauri demonstrates that oceanic volcanic rocks contain samples of recycled crust dating back to the Archean era 2.5 billion years ago. Their work is published in Nature. Oceanic crust sinks into the Earth’s mantle at so-called subduction zones, where two plates come together. Much of what happens to the crust during this journey is unknown. Model-dependent studies for how long subducted material can exist in the mantle are uncertain and evidence of very old crust returning to Earth’s surface via upwellings of magma has not been found until now. For more information about these results, see the press release from the Carnegie Institution.
This picture shows what Cassini might look like near Saturn. Can you spot the blue flame of Cassini's small rocket engine?
Click on image for full size
Image courtesy NASA/JPL.

Cassini arrives at Saturn
News story originally written on June 30, 2004

A robot spaceship is about to get to Saturn. The spaceship is named Cassini. Cassini is moving fast because it had a long way to travel to get to Saturn. Cassini will fire its rocket engine for 96 minutes on June 30, 2004. That will slow the spacecraft down. Then it will start to orbit Saturn.

Cassini will study Saturn, Saturn's rings, and Saturn's moons. It will study them for at least four years. It has 12 instruments that it will use to collect data and take pictures.

Cassini is also carrying a second, smaller spacecraft. That spacecraft is named Huygens. Huygens will land on Saturn's largest moon, Titan, in January 2005.

Cassini will fly very close to Saturn when it fires its engine and slows down. It will be the closest Cassini ever gets to Saturn. Cassini should get some great pictures of the planet! Cassini will also fly right through a gap in Saturn's rings!

Last modified June 30, 2004 by Randy Russell.

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