Chemistry students at Carleton College are having fun with liquid nitrogen!
Click on image for full size
Image from the Carleton College Chemistry Department

Liquid Hydrogen

As shown in this picture, the element Nitrogen, when kept very cold, is a liquid. In this picture the liquid can be seen evaporating (changing phase from a liquid to a gas).

If conditions are just right, the element Hydrogen, which is normally a gas, becomes a liquid, just as Nitrogen does if the temperature is just right.


Last modified May 1, 2003 by Lisa Gardiner.

Shop Windows to the Universe Science Store!

Our online store includes a wide range of Nature's Own fossil specimens, as well as a mineral and fossil collection perfect for the classroom.

Windows to the Universe Community

News

Opportunities

You might also be interested in:

The Earth Scientist, Volume XXVI, Issue 1, Spring 2010

This very special issue of The Earth Scientist (our biggest ever!) is sponsored by the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and is focused on the world’s oceans....more

The Liquid Hydrogen Layer

The first liquid layer inside Jupiter, right under the atmosphere, is the liquid hydrogen layer. The hydrogen atmosphere becomes thicker and thicker, like a dense fog, with more and more liquid droplets,...more

The Liquid Hydrogen Layer

The first liquid layer inside Saturn, right under the atmosphere, is the liquid hydrogen layer. The hydrogen atmosphere becomes thicker and thicker, like a dense fog, with more and more liquid droplets,...more

AU

AU stands for Astronomical Units. It is a useful way to measure the distances in interplanetary space. It is the distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is about 93 million miles. For reference,...more

The Spiral of the IMF

The solar wind is formed as the Sun's top layer blows off into space, carrying magnetic fields still attached to the Sun. Gusts form in the solar wind associated with violent events on the Sun. Particles...more

Spiral Path of Material

For a planet to be affected by a blob of material being ejected by the sun, the planet must be in the path of the blob, as shown in this picture. The Earth and its magnetosphere are shown in the bottom...more

The SAR Arc

The aurora we are most familiar with is the polar aurora. This is what people are talking about when they say the northern or southern lights. But there are other less-known aurora, such as SAR arcs....more

The Effect of Aurora on the Atmosphere

This figure shows the effect of the aurora on the atmosphere. When FAC's enter the atmosphere and create the aurora, they heat the atmosphere suddenly and abruptly. This creates an impulse which travels...more

Shop Windows to the Universe

These beautiful peridot earrings are available in our online store, along with other jewelry, minerals, fossils, classroom materials, and household items.

Generous sponsorship of Windows to the Universe is provided by the Hewlett Foundation, the American Geological Institute, the American Geophysical Union, the National Science Foundation, NASA, NCAR, and the CISM and CMMAP projects. NASA CMMAP AGU CISM NCAR Hewlett AGI NSF