This is a volcanic "cone".
Click on image for full size
Courtesy of USGS
Volcanoes
There are several ways in which a volcano can form, just as there are several different kinds of volcanoes. Volcanism is part of the process by which a planet cools off.
Hot magma, rising from lower reaches of the Earth, eventually, but not always, erupts onto the surface in the form of lava. During the eruption of a volcano, flowing lava and ash, forming a large cone. This cone is what we know as a volcano.
Among the different kinds of volcanoes are:
The most prevelant of kinds of volcanoes on the Earth's surface are the kind which form the "
Pacific Rim of Fire". Those are volcanoes which form as a result of
subduction of the nearby lithosphere.
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