Current Events

  • Irish Chronicles Document Links Between Volcanoes and Weather
    A study of over 40,000 written entries in Irish Annals and ice core measurements shows a strong corr...Read more

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    Irish Chronicles Document Links Between Volcanoes and Weather

    A study of over 40,000 written entries in Irish Annals and ice core measurements shows a strong correlation between the occurrence of volcanic eruptions and extreme cold weather in Ireland over a 1200 year period. Data analyzed in this study cover the period from 431 to 1649, during which time up to 48 volcanic eruptions are identified in Greenland ice core records through deposition of volcanic sulfate in annual layers of ice. You can find the study (open access), published on 6 June 2013 in IOP Publishing's journal Environmental Research Letters, at http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/2/024035/article. Find out more about how volcanoes can influence climate.
  • EF-5 Tornado in El Reno, Oklahoma Widest Ever Recorded in US
    The EF-5 tornado that hit El Reno, Oklahoma on May 31st was the widest ever recorded in the US, acco...Read more

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    EF-5 Tornado in El Reno, Oklahoma Widest Ever Recorded in US

    The EF-5 tornado that hit El Reno, Oklahoma on May 31st was the widest ever recorded in the US, according to the National Weather Service in Norman Oklahoma. The tornado, which remained on the ground for 40 minutes and reached 2.6 miles across (4.2 km), took the lives of 18 people including storm chasers Tim Samaras, Paul Samaras and Carl Young. For more information on the tornado, visit http://ow.ly/i/2hfDG.
  • Atmospheric CO2 Level Tops 400 ppm
    During the week of May 13th, the CO2 level at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii topped 400 ppm rep...Read more

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    Atmospheric CO2 Level Tops 400 ppm

    During the week of May 13th, the CO2 level at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii topped 400 ppm repeatedly. Daily levels of CO2 can vary due to weather, and there are seasonal trends as well. The level of atmospheric greenhouse gases continues to increase, now over 120 ppm since the Industrial Revolution began. For more on the Keeling Curve, see http://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/. Find out more about greenhouse gases and warming.

Our Changing Planet

When we look around us, we can see that our planet's climate is changing rapidly. The National Earth Science Teachers Association and Windows to the Universe are working together with NBC Learn and the National Science Foundation to explore the impact that climate change is having on our planet. The resources below provide links to videos developed by NBC Learn on twelve key indicators of climate change, as well as lesson plans for teachers to use to explore the science behind these indicators with their students at the secondary level.

 NBC Learn VideosRelated Lesson Plans
Changing Mosquito Genes Changing Mosquito Genes
Grapevines and Drought Grapevines and Drought (Climate Change and Your Breakfast!)
Bark Beetle Outbreaks Bark Beetle Outbreaks
Survival of Trees Survival of Trees
Disappearing Lizards Disappearing Lizards
Fresh Water in the Arctic The Case of the Leaky Gyre
Warming Lakes The Warming of Our Large Lakes - Reasons for Concern
Withering Crops Withering Plants - Stressing Over Lost Water
Ocean Temperatures Rising Ocean Temperatures - Rising Sea Levels
Fading Corals Fading Corals
Ocean Acidification Ocean Acidification - The Chemistry is Less than Basic
Black Carbon Black Carbon - A Dusty Situation
Melting Glaciers Melting Glaciers
Thawing Permafrost Permafrost Gas Leak
Rising Sea Level Sea Levels Rising
Adaptation of Butterflies Adaptation of Species (Birds and Butterflies)
Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases
<a href="/earth/Water/ocean_gyres.html&dev=1">Ocean gyres</a> are large swirling bodies of water that are often on the scale of a whole <a href="/earth/Water/ocean.html&dev=1">ocean</a> basin. Ocean gyres dominate the open ocean and represent the long-term average pattern of ocean <a href="/earth/Water/ocean_currents.html&dev=1">surface currents</a>. This image shows the five major ocean gyres. Gyres rotate in a clockwise direction in the Northern hemisphere and a counter-clockwise direction in the Southern hemisphere because of the <a href="/physical_science/physics/mechanics/Coriolis.html&dev=1">Coriolis Effect</a>.<p><small><em> Windows Original (Original map is from <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">Wikipedia Commons</a>)</em></small></p>Although most of us don't live in the Arctic, it is very important to understand how the <a href="/earth/polar/arctic_currents.html&dev=1">Arctic Ocean works</a> because it has an impact on surrounding areas and on <a href="/earth/climate/climate.html&dev=1">global climate</a>. This map shows how cold, relatively fresh water comes into the <a href="/earth/polar/arctic_ocean.html&dev=1">Arctic Ocean</a> from the Pacific Ocean through the Bering Strait. This water is swept into the Beaufort <a href="/earth/Water/ocean_gyres.html&dev=1">gyre</a> where <a href="/earth/Atmosphere/wind.html&dev=1">winds</a> force the water into clockwise rotation.<p><small><em> Courtesy of Jack Cook, WHOI (<a href="http://www.whoi.edu">Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute</a>)</em></small></p>The production of sea ice is also important to the layering of water in the Arctic Ocean. As <a href="/earth/polar/sea_ice.html&dev=1">sea ice</a> is made near the Bering Strait, salt is released into the remaining non-frozen water. This non-frozen water becomes very salty and very dense and so it sinks below the cold, relatively fresh Arctic water, forming a layer known as the <a href="/earth/Water/salinity_depth.html&dev=1">Halocline</a>. The Halocline layer acts as a buffer between sea ice and the warm, salty waters that have come in from the Atlantic.<p><small><em> NASA</em></small></p>Satellite observations of lake temperatures at many lakes around the world show that lakes are warming worldwide. Because lakes play such an important role in society, as a source of food, water, and recreation, these changes can have a significant impact on many aspects of our lives. Watch the NBC Learn video - <a href="/earth/changing_planet/warming_lakes_intro.html&dev=1">Changing Planet: Warming Lakes</a> to find out more. This is an image of the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania.<p><small><em> Image Courtesy of Marc Mayes</em></small></p>Coral animals build reefs in warm, tropical seawater. However, <a href="/earth/changing_planet/ocean_temperatures_intro.html&dev=1">seawater can be too warm</a> for their liking. If waters get too warm, coral animals lose the algae that live within their little bodies, a process called coral bleaching. Without the algae, corals have less nutrition. Unless cooler temperatures return, allowing algae to return, the coral dies.<p><small><em>Credit: UNC</em></small></p>As temperatures rise and soil moisture decreases, plants are stressed, which can lead to <a href="/earth/climate/crops_withering.html&dev=1">crop withering</a>. <a href="/teacher_resources/online_courses/health/events_health.html&dev=1">Droughts</a> accompanied by increased temperatures can lead to famine, social and political disruptions. Scientists are helping with early identification of drought that might trigger food shortages. Watch the NBC Learn video - <a href="/earth/changing_planet/withering_crops_intro.html&dev=1">Changing Planet: Withering Crops</a> to find out more.<p><small><em>Image taken by Tomas Castelazo, Creative Commons <a href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en&quot;>Attribution 3.0 Unported</a> license.</em></small></p>

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Explore Our Changing Planet

Changing Mosquito Genes

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a substance found in every living cell on Earth. ...Read more

Grapevines and Drought

In this episode, you will learn how climate change is impacting one of our countries most ...Read more

Bark Beetle Outbreaks

Bark beetles are native to North America. They are about the size of a grain of rice. They've ...Read more

Survival of Trees

Trees contain some of nature's most accurate evidence of the past. Their growth layers, appearing ...Read more

Disappearing Lizards

It turns out that snakes are the most feared of any animal on Earth. Reptiles have had a consistently ...Read more

Infectious Diseases

Climate change is having a major impact on many infectious diseases. In some cases, warmer ...Read more

Adaptation of Species

As the Earth system warms due to rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the ...Read more

Rising Sea Level

As the Earth's atmosphere warms due to rising levels of greenhouse gases, our oceans are warming ...Read more

Thawing Permafrost

As the Earth system warms due to rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the ...Read more

Melting Glaciers

As the Earth system warms due to rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, observations ...Read more

Black carbon

Black carbon contributes to global warming in two ways.  When in the atmosphere, it absorbs ...Read more

Ocean Acidification

The dramatic increase in atmospheric CO2 in the past few decades has resulted in a startling ...Read more

Fading Corals

The delicate balance of life and environment which sustains coral reefs globally is under threat. ...Read more

Ocean Temperatures

As the ocean warms, it will also expand in volume, causing sea level to rise. ...Read more

Withering Crops

What will happen to crops, as Earth's temperature rises and soils dry out because of changing ...Read more

Warming Lakes

Satellite observations of lake temperatures at many lakes show that lakes are warming ...Read more

Fresh Water in the Arctic

As Arctic sea ice melts, the fresh water released may impact the global ocean circulation ...Read more

Historical Events

6/25 Hermann Oberth,a Romanian and German physicist, was born on this date in 1894 Details
6/28 Maria Mitchell, an American astronomer, died on this date in 1889 Details
6/29 George Hale, an American astronomer, was born on this date in 1869 Details

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Did you know that greenhouse gases are increasing rapidly in the Earth's atmosphere?

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Earth and Space Science Concept of the Day

Do you know what this word or phrase means?

Loess
xLoess : An aeolian sediment formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt and lesser and variable amounts of sand and clay that are loosely cemented by calcium carbonate. Loess is usually homogeneous, highly porous, and is traversed by vertical capillaries t

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Research Highlights

Oldest Earth Mantle Reservoir Discovered

Researchers have found a primitive Earth mantle reservoir on Baffin Island in the Canadian Arctic. Geologist Matthew Jackson and his colleagues from a multi-institution collaboration report the finding--the...Read more

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