Current Events

  • Kansas Legislator Proposes Bill to Outlaw Sustainability Education
    A bill has been introduced in the Kansas legislature this week that would prohibit the promotion of ...Read more

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    Kansas Legislator Proposes Bill to Outlaw Sustainability Education

    A bill has been introduced in the Kansas legislature this week that would prohibit the promotion of sustainability. Here is a link to the one-page bill: http://www.kslegislature.org/li/b2013_14/measures/documents/hb2366_00_0000.pdf. See report on Bloomberg News.
  • Earth's Center Is 1,000 Degrees Hotter Than Previously Thought, Synchrotron X-Ray Experiment Shows
    Scientists have determined the temperature near the Earth’s center to be 6000 degrees Celsius, 1000 ...Read more

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    Earth's Center Is 1,000 Degrees Hotter Than Previously Thought, Synchrotron X-Ray Experiment Shows

    Scientists have determined the temperature near the Earth’s center to be 6000 degrees Celsius, 1000 degrees hotter than in a previous experiment run 20 years ago. These measurements confirm geophysical models that the temperature difference between the solid core and the mantle above, must be at least 1500 degrees to explain why the Earth has a magnetic field. For more information about this study, see the press release from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
  • Ocean Volcanic Rocks Contain Samples of Recycled Crust
    Scientists have long believed that lava erupted from certain oceanic volcanoes contains materials fr...Read more

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    Ocean Volcanic Rocks Contain Samples of Recycled Crust

    Scientists have long believed that lava erupted from certain oceanic volcanoes contains materials from the early Earth’s crust. But decisive evidence for this phenomenon has proven elusive. New research from a team including Carnegie’s Erik Hauri demonstrates that oceanic volcanic rocks contain samples of recycled crust dating back to the Archean era 2.5 billion years ago. Their work is published in Nature. Oceanic crust sinks into the Earth’s mantle at so-called subduction zones, where two plates come together. Much of what happens to the crust during this journey is unknown. Model-dependent studies for how long subducted material can exist in the mantle are uncertain and evidence of very old crust returning to Earth’s surface via upwellings of magma has not been found until now. For more information about these results, see the press release from the Carnegie Institution.

ExploraTour - Looking at the World in a Different Light


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Windows to the Universe original artwork.

Visible light is only a small portion of the sea of radiant energy that bathes the Earth. The rest is invisible and can be measured using electronic devices or photographic films. All forms of radiant energy can be identified by their frequency, wavelength and the energy they carry. Every wavelength of radiation carries a fixed amount of energy. Each behaves as if it were a stream of particles or energy packets called "photons". The shorter the wavelength (higher the frequency), the more energy each photon carries. Ultraviolet photons carry up to 1000 times more energy than visible light photons. X-ray photons carry up to 100 times more energy than ultraviolet photons and gamma rays can carry up to 100 times more energy than x-rays. That is why gamma rays can travel through metal and the x-rays the doctor uses can pass through the soft tissue in your body.


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Our online store includes books on science education, ranging from evolution, classroom research, and the need for science and math literacy!

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Traveling Nitrogen Classroom Activity Kit

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HESSI Awaits Launch

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HESSI is Go for Launch!

HESSI finally has a launch date of January 24, 2002. HESSI has had a hard time getting off the ground! First the probe was damaged in ground vibration testing and had to be repaired. Then there were problems...more

HESSI is Off!

HESSI had a hard time getting off the ground! First the probe was damaged in ground vibration testing and had to be repaired. Then there were problems with HESSI's launch vehicle. But HESSI was launched...more

HESSI Awaits Launch (Updated!)

The launch of solar satellite HESSI has been postponed indefinitely! When the Pegasus rocket designed to boost the X-34A hypersonic vehicle went out of control on June 2nd and had to be blown up, NASA...more

Capturing the Afterglow of the Big Bang

According to the Big Bang theory, the universe began about 12-14 billion years ago. Right after the Big Bang, the universe was really hot! But, as the universe has expanded, the particles within the universe...more

Capturing the Afterglow of the Big Bang (Updated!)

Some of the best news of the week is that the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) was launched successfully last Saturday! Liftoff on its Delta II rocket occurred on time at 15:46:46 EDT, June 30, 2001. So...more

ExploraTour - Looking at the World in a Different Light

Even though the sleeping man is no longer on the bed, you can still see where he was lying down. The heat from his body warmed up the bed sheets which are now radiating infrared light toward your eyes....more

Shop Windows to the Universe

The Universe at Your Fingertips 2.0 DVD from the Astronomical Society of the Pacific is in our online store, filled with Earth and space science resources.

Windows to the Universe, a project of the National Earth Science Teachers Association, is sponsored in part by the National Science Foundation and NASA, our Founding Partners (the American Geophysical Union and American Geosciences Institute) as well as through Institutional, Contributing, and Affiliate Partners, individual memberships and generous donors. Thank you for your support! NASA AGU AGI NSF